{"id":53547,"date":"2021-03-31T13:07:31","date_gmt":"2021-03-31T20:07:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.creativecircle.com\/?p=53547"},"modified":"2021-03-31T13:07:31","modified_gmt":"2021-03-31T20:07:31","slug":"24-pioneering-women-you-didnt-learn-about-in-school","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.creativecircle.com\/blog\/24-pioneering-women-you-didnt-learn-about-in-school\/","title":{"rendered":"24 Pioneering Women You Didn\u2019t Learn About in School"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Murasaki_Shikibu\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Murasaki Shikibu<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0(973 or 978<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1014 or 1031) is the pen<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">name of a Japanese writer and Imperial lady-in-waiting, best known for penning\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Tales of\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Genji<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">, which is considered the oldest completed novel in the world. Her\u00a0true identity\u00a0remains unknown although there have b<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">een speculations that she may have been Fujiwara no\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Kaoriko<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nanny_of_the_Maroons\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Queen Nanny of the Maroons<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0(<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1686<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1755) remains a bit of a legend, as most knowledge of her comes from oral history. She was bo<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">rn in Ghana and lead the Jamaican Maroons in guerrilla warfare against the British. In 1975 she was declared a national hero. Her troops excelled in long-range communication and camouflage<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0giving them an advantage over the British in addition to their inno<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">vations in guerrilla warfare. Nanny and her Maroons won their freedom and a parcel of land in a time where slavery remained common.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anne_Bonny\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Anne Bonny<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0(<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1697<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1733<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">) and\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mary_Read\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Mary Read<\/span><\/b><\/a><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1685<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1721) were the most famous lady pirates of the Caribbean. Born in Ireland and England, respectively, Bonny and Read were\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gaystarnews.com\/article\/incredible-true-history-gay-pirates-strangely-modern-world\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">likely l<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">o<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">vers<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">, in addition to Bonny\u2019s marriage to the notorious Jack Calico. All three were captured after stealing a Nassau ship. Calico was executed immediately, Read died in prison, and Bonny\u2019s death remains a mystery.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mary_Ellen_Pleasant\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Mary Ellen Pleasant<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0(<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1814<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1904<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">) was an entrepreneur and abolitionist who owned several businesses and financed the freedom of hundreds of slaves and won several<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0civil rights victories after the civil war. Often\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">passing for white, Pleasant used her light skin tone to her advantage in business, amassing a hefty fortune before declaring herself as a Black woman and using her means to support well known abolitionist John Brown who was also her friend and lover. When\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">he was hanged, a letter of hers was found on him, although no one suspected her. Pleasant came clean before her death<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, admitting to donating $900,000 in today\u2019s dollars to Brown\u2019s abolitionist pursuits. She additionally<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0worked on the Underground Railroad and sued over streetcar segregation. She has been called the \u201cMother of Human Rights in California.\u201d<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sarah_Winnemucca\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Sarah Winnemucca<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1844<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1891) wrote the first known memo<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ir by a Native American woman,\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0(1883). Hailing from the Northern Paiute tribe, Winnemucca, also known as\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Thocmentony<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0meaning \u201cShell Flower,\u201d she worked as a teacher and interpreter, and played pivotal roles i<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">n war<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">time. With her command of the English language, she often served as a mediator between her tribe and Anglo-Americans, and advocated for the sovereignty of her people, particularly after their move to the Yakama Reservation<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0which has been described as<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0a concentration camp. Her writing has been a key tool for modern historians and sociologists. While her social activism was a prominent part of her legacy, she has also been criticized for helping the US military.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madam_C._J._Walker\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Madam CJ Walker<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1867<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1919) is the first female self-made millionaire in America according to the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Guinness<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Book of World Records. After a childhood spent on a cotton plantation, Walker amassed her fortune through a line of cosmeti<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">cs and hair products specifically marketed to Black wom<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">e<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">n. As the brand grew, Madam C<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">J<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Walker Manufacturing Company trained nearly 20,000 women as sales agents and eventually started selling abroad in Central America and the Caribbean. Walker was also k<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">nown as an activist and philanthropist, establishing a YMCA in Indianapolis\u2019s Black community, and eventually moved to New York where her activism grew<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0\u2014\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">p<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">articularly when she joined the executive committee that organized the Silent Protest Parade which dre<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">w a crowd of over 8,000 to protest the East St. Louis race riots. Her daughter,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/A'Lelia_Walker\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">A\u2019<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">L<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">elia\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">W<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">alker<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1885<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1931) was an\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autostraddle.com\/12-women-they-didnt-tell-you-were-queer-in-history-class-306088\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">openly bisexual<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0patron of the arts in Harlem, who traveled to Paris and spent time with Josephine Baker, who you\u2019ll learn more about later.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yosano_Akiko\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Yosano<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Akiko<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1878<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1942) w<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">rote controversial tanka poetry and stood strong as an anti-war pacifist and feminist in late Meiji Japan. She completed an estimated 20<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">50,000 poems and gave birth to 13 children. Her feminist stances deviated from her Japanese contemporaries with regards<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0to financial independence and motherhood. While many Japanese women advocated for government assistance for mothers, Akiko argued that dependence on the government is equivalent to dependence on a man in an essay titled \u201cWomen\u2019s Complete Freedom.\u201d She als<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">o wrote about the importance of women having identity beyond motherhood. In her later years into the Taisho period, her commentary took a turn to the right in support of wa<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">r\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">against China and the US.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marjory_Stoneman_Douglas\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Marjorie Stoneman Douglas<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1890<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1998) saved the Florida Everglades. While working as a journalist, she wrote\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Everglades: River of Grass\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1947) which brought national attention\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">to<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0importan<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ce<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0of the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">swamp<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">land and prevented it from b<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">eing\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">used<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0for land development. She was also a suffrage advocate and served as a charter member of the ACLU. Douglas had been recognized for her work with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Clinton<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">n\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">award in her name through the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0National Parks Association<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. She was also<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0inducted into various halls of fame. She continued her work as a conservationist until her death at 108.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mar%C3%ADa_Orosa\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Maria\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Orosa<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">e<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Y<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">lagan<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1892<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1945) developed nutrie<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">nt<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">&#8211;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">dense food products like\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Soyalac<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Darak<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0in the Philippines<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0as well as banana ketchup. In addition to her work as a pharmaceutical chemist,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Orosa<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0was a humanitarian and war heroine. Her canning techniques and food inventions saved hundreds of lives an<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">d aided guerrilla warriors fighting the Japanese during World War II. One of her goals was to help develop food self-sufficiency in the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Philippines<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. She died of shrapnel wounds in Manila after contributing over 700 recipes and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">to the war effort<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. She is recognized by the Philippines and the American Red Cross for her invaluable knowledge and innovations.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Funmilayo_Ransome-Kuti\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Chief Funmilayo Ransome-<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Kuti<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1900<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">978) played a pivotal role in the Ni<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">gerian independence movement as an educator, political campaigner, suffragist, and activist. She was the first female student admitted to the Abeokuta Grammar School<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and worked promote literacy among lower income women. Ransome-<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Kuti<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0also established the A<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">beokuta Woman\u2019s Union while fighting for women\u2019s rights and better government representation. She believed in socialist principals and caught the attention of the British and US who feared her communist connections, although her passport was eventually res<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">tored. She became president of the Women\u2019s International League for Peace and Freedom in 1963<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and received several honors and awards for her activism<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2014i<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ncluding the honor of membership to the Order of Nigeria and the Lenin Peace Prize.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Josephine_Baker\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Josephine Baker<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1906<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1975) collected intelligence about the Nazis and their collaborators while performing in Paris. She smuggled her information to the British with invisible ink on sheet music. She was also t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">he first Black woman to star in a major motion picture,\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Siren of the Tropics<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0(1927). Born in the US, she renounced her citizenship and became a French national. She rose to fame with her erotic dances and stage shows<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">often accompanied by her signature banana costume and her pet cheetah, Chiquita. Yes, a cheetah, that would someti<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">mes escape to the dismay of her musicians. Hemingway called her \u201cthe most sensational woman anyone ever sa<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">w<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u201d and Picasso painted her. She used her celebrity to serve as an \u201chonorable correspondent\u201d during the German occupation of France<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0for which she recei<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ved the highest medals and honors. Baker went on to support the Civil Rights Movement during the 1950s. She spoke at the March on Washington<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">and was approached by Coretta Scott King after her husband\u2019s death to replace him as the leader of the movement<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0wh<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ich she declined.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rachel_Carson\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Rachel Carson<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1907<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1964) authored\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Silent Spring<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">, which resulted in a nationwide ban of certain pesticides<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0including DDT<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0in the United States. The book also inspired the grassroots environmental movement that led to the creation of the U<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">S<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Environmental Protection Agency. While her initial research focus<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ed on marine biology with the bestsellers\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Sea Around Us\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">and\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Under the Sea Wind,<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0her study and advocacy of environmental conservation played a pivotal role in bringing attention to the damage humanity was causing the planet it inhabits. She was post<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">hum<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Jimmy Carter. The surviving letters she exchanged with lifelong partner, Dorothy Freeman, have been published since her death.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chien-Shiung_Wu\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Chien-Shiun<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Wu<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1912<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1997) made significant contributions to nuclear and particle physics and worked on the Manhattan Project, developing the process for separating uranium. Sometimes known as the \u201cFirst Lady of Physics,\u201d the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Chinese-American<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0experimental ph<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ysicist is best known for the Wu experiment which figured out something about the conservation of parity which may mean something to you if you studied physics, but I never did. While her role in the discovery was mentioned in the 1957 Nobel Prize in physi<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">cs acceptance speech, the prize was not awarded to her but rather the physicists who originated the idea of parity\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">nonconservation<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. Wu was honored in 1978 with the inaugural Wolf Prize.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lyudmila_Pavlichenko\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Ludmilla\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Pavilchenko<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0(1916<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1974) accumulated 309 confirmed kills as a Soviet sniper during World War II. Nicknamed \u201cLady Death,\u201d she is the most lethal female sniper in recorded history. In 1942, she was injured by a mortar shell and spent the rest of the w<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ar training snipers and touring allied nations to secure a second front against Nazi Germany. At an assembly in Chicago, after reporters failed to take her seriously<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0she famously stated, \u201c<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Gentlemen, I am 25 years\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">old<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and I have killed 309 fascist invaders<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0by now. Don&#8217;t you think, gentlemen, that you have been hiding behind my back for too long?\u201d She received the Gold Star hero of the Soviet Union, and the Order of Lenin twice.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wangari_Maathai\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Wangar<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">i<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Maathai<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1940<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">2011) was the first African woman and environmentalist to receive the Nobel Peace Prize. She studied in the U<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">S<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and eventually earned a Doctorate in Philosophy at the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">University of Nairobi, becoming the first woman in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">e<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ast and central Africa to do so.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0She founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977, a non-profit which enabled women to replant devastated areas with\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">trees<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0promoted both women\u2019s rights and environmental conservation. She fiercely protested government attempts to privatize public lands<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0was arrested more than once for it. She was later elected to parliament before winning the Nobel\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Peace Prize in 2004. She went on to work on waste-reduction programs and served on the Eminent Advisory Board of AWEPA until her death.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jocelyn_Bell_Burnell\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Jocelyn Bell Burnell<\/span><\/b><\/a><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1943<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Present)\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">discovered the first radio pulsars, \u201cone of the most significant scientific achievements of the 20th century.\u201d The astrophysicist hails from Northern Ir<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">eland and made her discovery as a postgrad in 1967 which\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">has<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0become\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">an\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">extremely useful too<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">l<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0for astronomers because of the ways they emit electromagnetic radiation<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Or<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0something<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. Again, not something I have studied.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Her thesis advisor, Anthony Hewish, was a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">warded the Nobel Prize for the discovery in 1974. While many criticized her omission, she has said herself that the omission was justified because of her status as an undergrad. Regardless, she has gone on to serve as president of the Royal Astronomy Socie<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ty<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and was awarded the Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics in 2018.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marsha_P._Johnson\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Marsha P Johnson<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1945<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">1992) and\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sylvia_Rivera\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Sylvia Rivera<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1951<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">2002) were prominent figures in the fight for gay and trans liberation<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and co-founders of the radical activist group Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (STAR). Orphaned by her father\u2019s abandonment and mother\u2019s suicide<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Rivera<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0was living on the streets by age 11 and forced into child prostitution until she was taken in by the local drag community. Johnson<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0on the other hand, remained closeted within her religious family until she moved to New York and started performing as a dra<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">g queen. Both saw their gender as something varied and fluid, not necessarily landing on \u201cwomanhood\u201d specifically. During the Stonewall Riots, Johnson threw \u201cthe shot glass that was heard around the world,\u201d while Rivera was uptown despite claiming to have\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">been there. Regardless<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0the two founded\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">STAR<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, an organization for homeless queer youth. When Johnson\u2019s body was found in the Hudson River, Rivera and Johnson\u2019s other friends insisted that Johnson was not suicidal when police jumped to rule out foul play. Ri<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">vera\u2019s activism only strengthened after her friend\u2019s murder, solidifying the transgender movement<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0that continues to this day<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Judith_Heumann\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Judith\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Heumann<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1947<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Present) became the first wheelchair user to teach in New York City aft<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">er winning\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Heumann<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0v. Board of Education of the City of New York\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">in 1970. She has since made immense strides for the disabled community with a range of non-profits, NGOs, and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">the government. She contributed to the Individuals with Disabilities Educa<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">tion Act and lead the 504\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">sit<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">-in<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, the longest federal building sit-in, which\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">convinced<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Joseph\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Califano<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0to sign the 504 section of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2014adding<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0significant civil rights protection to citizens with disabilities. She served in both\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">t<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">he\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Clinton and Obama administrations, with the World Bank Group as their first Advisory on Disability and Development, and most recently as a senior Fellow at the Ford Foundation.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maya_Lin\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Maya Lin<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1959<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Present<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">) designed the Vietnam Veterans Memorial after submitting her design in a public design competition while still an undergraduate at Yale University. The contest was blind, so the judges were unaware of her race, as the daughter of Chinese immigrants, or he<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">r gender. Once revealed, she and her work faced controversy, but ultimately persevered and remains a landmark in Washington DC<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2014<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ranked 10 in a 2010 poll of America\u2019s Favorite Architecture. She has since created many installations, often with a focus on nat<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ure, like her 2010 interactive memorial \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.whatismissing.org\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">What Is Missing?<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u201d which laments the loss of biodiversity across the globe. President Barack Obama awarded her with the National Medal of the Arts and the Presid<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ential Medal of Freedom. Lin has four honorary doctorates and is represented by the Pace Gallery.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Claudia_Paz_y_Paz\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Claudia<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Paz\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">y<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Paz<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0(1966<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Present) became the first female Attorney General of Guatemala in 20<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">10. She made unprecedented strides in criminal justice and human rights, including the prosecution of Efrain R\u00edos Montt for genocide, whose name you might recognize\u00a0because\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.creativecircle.com\/blog\/rigoberta-menchu-indigenous-activist-and-feminist\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Rigobert<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Mench\u00fa<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">advocated for his trial. She aggressively prosecuted organized criminals and human rights violators<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0making her the first law enforcement official to bring justice to civil rights abusers in Guatemala.\u00a0In spite of\u00a0the thr<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">eats to her life, Paz y Paz sought justice in an unjust world, and\u00a0actually succeeded.\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Forbes\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">named her one of the \u201cfive most powerful women in the world\u201d in 2012, and she was a leading candidate for the Nobel Peace Prize in 2013. Now, she serves as a memb<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">er of the Justice Leadership Initiative, and a senior fellow at the Washington Office on Latin America.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ali_Stroker\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Ali Stroker<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(1987<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Present) played Anna in Deaf West\u2019s revival of\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Spring Awakening<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0and Ado An<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">nie Caries in the 2018 revival on\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Oklahoma!<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0for which she won the Tony for Best Featured Actress in a Musical.\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Spring Awakening,\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">which incorporates deaf actors, made her the first Broadway performer to use a wheelchair for mobility on stage, while\u00a0<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Oklahoma<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">!<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0made her the first one to win a Tony. Stroker is a co-chair of Women Who Care<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0supporting cerebral palsy, a founding member of anti-bullying campaign, Be More Heroic, and has traveled to South Africa to partner with ARTS\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">InsideOut<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2014<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">holding theater classes\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">for women and children affected by AIDS. She is openly bi<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">sexual, a founding director of ATTENTION Theater, and at 33, has plenty more road ahead to trod.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>About the author.<\/strong><br \/>\nAlessandra is the mentor, educator, and writer behind Boneseed, a private practice devoted to deep self-inquiry through a range of physical, energetic, and mental modalities. She has over 500 hours of yoga, mentorship, and facilitation training and can be found slinging knowledge on her website, newsletter, and @bone.seed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Murasaki Shikibu\u00a0(973 or 978\u20131014 or 1031) is the penname of a Japanese writer and Imperial lady-in-waiting, best known for penning\u00a0The Tales of\u00a0Genji, which is considered the oldest completed novel in the world. Her\u00a0true identity\u00a0remains unknown although there have been speculations that she may have been Fujiwara no\u00a0Kaoriko.\u00a0 Queen Nanny of the Maroons\u00a0(1686\u20131755) remains a bit [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":53550,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[95],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53547","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dei"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.1 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>24 Pioneering Women You Didn\u2019t Learn About in School | Creative Circle<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Women haven\u2019t gotten their fair share of space in your mainstream grade school history course, so to round out Women\u2019s History Month, we\u2019re 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